FEATURES OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES AT AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The article considers innovation processes in agricultural enterprises, identifies problems and ways to implement innovations in agricultural production. Conditions of globalization and competition in the market environment require the introduction of innovative measures. The urgency of the study is due to the strengthening of innovation processes, which requires the implementation of measures to use the latest research in science and technology. The terms «innovation», «agroinnovation», «innovation process» for the implementation of scientific ideas in the activities of agricultural enterprises are studied. It is established that the innovation process provides technological, technical and socio-economic effect of production. It is proposed to consider agroinnovation as a scientifically sound measures for the implementation of innovative processes based on resource- and energy-saving technology of agricultural production. Agricultural enterprises are both consumers and producers of alternative energy sources. That is, energy and resource-saving technologies in agricultural enterprises are based on waste-free production technology, which is provided by the production of alternative energy sources from animal waste. It is noted that the components of alternative energy sources in addition to manure biomass is the energy value of livestock products, energy conservation of livestock, which corresponds to the concept of energy conservation on waste-free production technology. The calculation of the efficiency of using alternative sources in the production of livestock products is given. Insignificant advantages of cows of the Ukrainian red-spotted dairy breed due to higher coefficient of recovery of the spent energy of heat allocated by cows — 5,38%, energy of biogas — 5,23% and increase in productivity of corn on grain — 4,04% are established. Biogas can be used not only to heat farms, but also to prepare feed for feeding. The use of biogas in the production of livestock products, according to economic calculations, provides an opportunity to obtain additional cash income, which will increase the overall efficiency of the agricultural enterprise and reduce the level of unprofitable production.