Acute Toxicity Test of Standardized Ethanol Extract of Gandasuli Rhizome (Hedycium coronarium) and Histopathology of Organs in White Mice Male (Mus muculus)

Gandasuli (Hedycium coronarium.) is one of the native plants of Indonesia which It has been used as medicine by generations of people from generation to generation. This study aims to determine the acute toxicity of standardized ethanol extract of gandasuli rhizome (Hedycium coronarium.) against male white mice, Swiss webster strain. The method used is to determine the value of Ld 50 using the Thompson-weil method. In this study, the parameters observed were the toxicity value of the standardized ethanol extract of gandasuli rhizome based on the Ld 50 value, histopathology of the liver and kidneys. A total of 25 male Swiss Webster white mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely group 1 as a control, group 2 treated with ethanol extract of gandasuli rhizome at a dose of 4 g/KgBW, group 3 at a dose of 8 g/Kg BW, group 4 with a dose of 16 g/Kg BW and group 5 with a dose of 32 g/Kg BW. The results of observations for 24 hours found that animals died in groups 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively, namely 0,0,0,3 and 5 of 5 test animals, 14.92 mg/KgBB which are categorized into the practically non-toxic category because they are in a dose range of 5 g/KgBW – 15 g/KgBW. Observation of acute toxicity was continued by observing the histopathological state of the organ within 24 hours. The organs observed were the kidneys and liver which were given toxic doses. Based on the results of histopathological observations of the liver and kidneys of mice, it showed the occurrence of liver cell necrosis at a toxic dose of 32 mg/KgBW and in the kidneys showed bleeding on the interstitial between tubule and edematous tubular cells.