Understanding Chromosomal Aberrations in Cervical Cancer: Key to Potential Biomarkers

Cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In 2020, it accounted for 10 million deaths worldwide with lung and colorectal cancers among the most common ones. Cervical cancer is the fourth leading gynaecological cancer in the world. Research strongly suggests the presence of chromosomal abnormalities in the form of chromosomal instability (CI) and chromosome structural rearrangements in almost all cancers. This review paper explores the genetics and chromosomal aberrations in cancer cells with a specific emphasis on cervical cancer. The paper also discusses several genetic and chromosomal biomarkers in cervical cancer like gain of 3q26 and Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) at 6p21.2 and 18q21.2 and proposes the possibility of 8q24 translocation breaks as a convenient and quick diagnostic method to detect cervical cancer caused by HPV-18.