Assessment and comparison of cardiovascular disease risk factors and biochemical parameters among men and women: A cross-sectional study

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most common causes of death among men and women worldwide. It is predicted that by 2030 around 23.3 million people will die as a consequence of CVD. There are numerous risk factors for CVD. The goal of this study is to examine the cardiovascular clinical and biochemical parameters of hospitalized CVD patients, as well as to assess the most common risk factors. Seventy-two known healthy individuals were randomly allocated to the control group (male 47 and female 25). We collected data through a questionnaire from 154 CVD patients as a study group (male 108 and female 46). Cardiovascular status was assessed using clinical parameters like hypertension, chest pain, shortness of breathing, pain in the arm, and biochemical parameters like lipid profile, RBS, creatinine, and an electrolyte panel. Inter- and intra-group comparison was performed. A total of 154 hospitalized CVD patients were analyzed (male 108 female 46) The most significant age group for males was observed as 56-65 years (mean 60) and for females was 38-48 (mean 43) years. A highly statistically significant increase was observed in total cholesterol and LDL in males than in females, but a decrease in TG than in females. Changes were also observed in other cardiovascular biochemical and clinical parameters. There was a significant difference in smoking status, physical activity, lipid panel, and other biochemical parameters among males and females. It is concluded that studies investigating the observed sex differences in traditional risk factor effects would not only help us better understand the etiology of CVD but also help us understand how to prevent it.