Sea Lines of Communications (SLOC): Complexity of China's 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Threats

This research discusses the complement of threats that exist on china's maritime silk road, especially in the 21st century. Research methods using qualitative methods with descriptive analysis and quasiqualitative analysis techniques that look for data and compare it with literary theory and study. Based on the results of the study, researchers described the form of complexity into three forms, namely military, non-military and hybrid threats. Military threats in China's SLOC line are dominated from the South China Sea region from 1974 to early 2016 in the form of arms contacts and frictions between state actors. Then non-military threats in China's SLOC were found in the form of transnational crimes in the South China Sea, ship accidents in the Strait of Malacca, and piracy in the Indian Ocean. Finally, the form of hybrid threats that occur along China's SLOC is more about the national interests of the countries involved such as the influence of external control of the Strait of Malacca that can trigger asymmetric warfare in the region.