INFLUENCE OF LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY ON IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH PHLEGMON OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION AND NECK

Background. The problem of treatment of phlegmon of the maxillofacial region and neck remains one of the most urgent problems of maxillofacial surgery. Aim. To determine the degree of influence of local Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on the quantitative and functional characteristics of immunocytes and humoral factors in peripheral blood and lavage fluid in phlegmon of the maxillofacial region and neck. Material and methods. We have examined and treated 60 patients with phlegmon of the maxillofacial region and neck. Of these, 30 people made up group 1 – traditional treatment and 30 people were included into group 2 (traditional treatment supplemented with local LLLT). Also, 12 practically healthy individuals were examined to determine the regional norm of the selected indicators (control group). The total number of leukocytes and their subpopulations were determined in the blood and lavage fluid, immunophenotyping of lymphocytes was performed using monoclonal antibodies (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD19+, CD25+, CD95+), determination of the phagocytic index (PhI) and phagocytic number (PhN), the study of hemolytic complement activity (CH50), the presence of circulating immune complexes (CIC) and the level of immunoglobulins (Ig) of classes M, A, G. Results. Weekly local exposure of LLLT contributed to a decrease in leukocytes and neutrophils in the blood with an increase in their functional activity (PhN), an increase in the number of lymphocytes, levels of IgM, IgG, while reducing CH50 in blood serum. In the lavage fluid under the influence of LLLT, a decrease in leukocytes, neutrophils, activation of phagocytosis, an increase in lymphocytes due to the number of CD3+ and CD4+ T-lymphocytes, a decrease in CD8+ of cytostatic T-lymphocytes, CD25+ activated T- and B-lymphocytes, CD95+T- and B-lymphocytes, decrease in CH50, IgM level and increase in IgG were revealed. Conclusion. Comprehensive treatment of patients with phlegmon of the maxillofacial region supplemented with LLLT has a modulating effect on cellular and humoral immunity factors by enhancing the local immune response.