METAPHORICAL TYPES OF EXPLICATIVES

The paper addresses the problem of the metaphorical way in which new scientific knowledge is represented. Over the past decades, knowledge-based systems have emerged. The term ‘knowledge' takes on a specific meaning associated with a certain form of the presentation of in- formation. The question of representing knowledge becomes relevant in philosophy, psychology, linguistics, semiotics, logic, computer science, and in cognitive sciences focused on the study of human cognition. In modern linguistics, taking into account the fact that language acts as a link between the rep- resented (what is represented) and the representing (how it is represented), there is a tendency to study knowledge through language as one of the most important components of all human commu- nication and cognitive activity. The study of the representation of scientific knowledge in scientific texts allows to study the scientific text as a conglomerate of old and new knowledge, which is important for further scientific research, formulating new hypotheses, making assumptions about the translation of a scientific text. These ideas are of great importance for the process of translation. The prospects of the re- search are determined by the translator's intentions to render as accurately as possible that most valuable intellectual content fixed and stored in the source scientific text along with meeting the requirements of scientific communication. The study attempts to analyse the nature of the representation of scientific knowledge in the scientific text, taking into account understanding of the features of the original text. The scientific text is aimed at transferring new knowledge, which involves the study of linguistic forms of its rep- resentation, including explicatives understood as the main form of such representation. The verbalised components of the new scientific knowledge are often metaphorical in nature. The article de- scribes the semantic types of metaphorical explicatives that contribute to the transfer of new knowledge and represents them as one of effective methods of the formation of terms in modern English.