PRINCIPLES OF CYBERNETICS IN THE INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

The relevance of the study consists in highlighting the principles of cybernetics in separating relatively self-sufficient whole economic systems from reality, considering their functioning and the relationship between them and the environment, and discovering analogies and general patterns of development and action in an innovative atmosphere. The purpose of this study is to identify and then apply in practice the general laws and principles governing economic processes in Ukraine, and the transformation of cybernetic information elements in innovative development. Cybernetics, which is an interdisciplinary science, studies the operation and functioning of particularly complex economic systems without regard to the material from which they are created. The cybernetic aspect represents the ability to perceive and capture the surrounding economic reality, to observe the changes occurring in it, their causes, and consequences comprehensively and dynamically. For this purpose, the article used the following methods: functional analysis, logical method, and scientific abstractions. The management principles and general laws of cybernetics look for analogies between all components of economic organisms and social systems, discovering common laws borrowed from various sciences. Cybernetics allows these laws to be transposed into a completely different field, providing a variety of practical applications. The findings indicated the potential for the development of an innovative national economy as a set of interrelated resources and opportunities for their realisation in the context of cybernetic individual, collective and societal systems. The categories of innovative development in the investment potential of Ukraine were considered. Its components are analysed predominantly from the perspective of an innovation management principle, which was implemented gradually according to the achievement of objectives at defined assessment points. The practical relevance lies in the analysis of the principles of cybernetics in the innovation segment, and the examination of the current state of the investment sphere and its policies from the perspective of the cybernetic component of the economic system.