Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Atherosclerosis: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and innovative Protocol Towards an Elegant New Era Of Health |Biomedgrid

The energy plants of the human being are composed of trillions of mitochondria which is semi-autonomous ,double membrane-bound cellular organelles that is in charge of generating most of the chemical energy needed to operate the cellular biochemical reactions in the human body. The sizes of mitochondria vary from 0.75 to 8 mm depending on the cell type, cell cycle stage, and intracellular metabolic state . These organelles make up as much as 10% of the cell volume but responsible of producing 90% of the human needs of energy. Mitochondria can be divided into four functional areas, the mitochondrial outer membrane (OMM), mitochondrial membrane space, mitochondrial inner membrane (IMM), and mitochondrial matrix. The IMM is rich with various membrane proteins and the location where adenosine triphosphate ATP is generated via the proton motive force produced by the electron transport chain.