THE NECESSITY OF STUDYING THE PERSONAL AND SOCIAL STATUS OF THE ACCUSED IN THE PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS STAGE IN THE IRANIAN PUNITIVE SYSTEM

Realization of punitive justice is feasible not only in terms of criminal acts and the cases which go to the court accordingly, but also by investigating the personal and social situation of the accused. In other words, an appropriate reaction to the outlawry that directs punitive prosecution authorities’ attention to the committed act, and investigating the individual and social status of the accused (i.e., the psychological, physical and family background that are effective in forming the criminal character of the accused) is necessary. Therefore, the present research attempts to discuss the necessity of studying personal and social situation of the accused in the preliminary investigations stage. The present descriptive-analytical study is library-based. The results of this research indicate that determining an appropriate, useful, constructive, effective and pre-emptive reaction, especially in the youngsters’ accusations and crimes requires awareness of their individual, social and biological life.