Xylanases and Industrial Applications: A Review

Hemicelluloses are a large family of heteropolysaccharides that are non-cellulosic and complicated. They are categorized based on the main monosaccharides that are found within their structure. The hydrolysis of the xylan polymers is carried out by an enzymatic complex, however two are the primary enzymes; one is beta-D-xylosidase and the other enzyme is endo-1,4-beta-xylanase. Fungal source, bacteria, algae, protozoans, insects, snails, plant beads, and other organisms all produce these enzymes, but filamentous fungi serve as the main commercial source. The most prevalent hemicellulose in lignocellulosic biomass is xylan. Purification of xylanases and their characterization is being carried out using several relevant procedures for biochemical, molecular investigations as well as for effective use in businesses. To address specific industrial and economic needs, xylanase is produced at a commercial scale through genetic engineering and cloning. Microbial xylanases are utilized in an array of industrial biotechnology applications, including the production of biofuels, operations in paper industry, the baking sector and brewing industry, various human food and animal feed production industries, pharmaceutical sector and the deinking process for recycling wastepaper