SARS Cov-2 Pathogenicity-Dependent to Post-Transcription of GRP78, ASGR1 and KREMEN1 |Biomedgrid

COVID-19 disease has drawn attention across the world pursuant to high morbidity and swift mortality. However, the death rate has declined the following generating different kinds of vaccines, there remain concerns about SARS-CoV-2. GRP78, ASGR1, and KREMEN1 are newly reported as alternative receptors for ACE2. In this study, we reviewed the role of these receptors in physiologic conditions as well as their linkage to COVID-19. We also viewed the genetic variants of these receptors. Our review revealed that these receptors are genetically modified, and thus it is better to consider these modifications on COVID-19 pathogenesis because it seems that these modifications heavily impact the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and these receptors. However, there is no evidence to describe the exact mechanism and amount of contribution of individually each receptor with SARS CoV-2, these receptors may be responsible for COVID-19 severity apart from ACE2. Altogether, ACE2 alongside these receptors seems to drive the virus entry, replication, and severity. Hence, focusing on these four receptors simultaneously may give and identify new strategies against SARS-CoV-2.