Study on assessment of reproductive hormones in male patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus

The process and viability of fertility are affected by diabetes mellitus, which is also associated with hyperglycemia. Males who experience hypogonadism or anxiety may find it difficult to feel sexually exhilarated. The aim of the present study is to assess reproductive hormone levels in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) male patients. This study included 79 healthy controls and 158 male patients with T1DM and T2DM between the ages of 20 and 49 years. Levels of reproductive hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), and prolactin (PRL) were measured. The results showed notable variations in the levels of these hormones among patients of different ages. PRL levels were significantly elevated in T1DM compared to T2DM in the age groups of 20-29 and 30-39. FSH and LH levels in all age groups were greatly increased in T1DM compared to T2DM, but T hormone levels were dramatically reduced in T1DM patients compared to T2DM patients. Additionally, patients with a disease duration of 11–15 years demonstrated a significant decrease in T hormone compared to those with a disease duration of 1–5 years. Because of age-related variations in hormone levels between T1DM and T2DM as well as a decline in T hormone levels over the course of the disease, high levels of PRL hormone may therefore exacerbate the effects of diabetes, which in turn may influence the reproductive hormones.