The Oil Resource Affluence and Human Security in Sub Saran Africa Reconnoitering Sacrilege in Abyei Region

Since the end of the cold war in the 1990s and has evolved from the state centric and to human centric or non military issues ranging from poverty, unemployment, infectious disease, environmental degradation and corruption among others has evidently influenced and challenged global politics, institutions, and governance creating the current security debate Tadjbakhsh, 2007 . Contemporary human security centers on human security to attain the twin goals of “freedom from want” and “freedom from fear” Jerey et al, 2001 Annan, 2005 . The study used the realism and the liberalist theories that all explain the concept of security in international relations Wendt, 1999 Ruggie, 1998 . According to the UNEP United Nations Development Programme 1994 , the concept of human security generally supplements the traditional or realist concept of security and represents the emergence of a new paradigm in the field of international relations Stephen, 1991 Keith and Micheal Williams, 1997 . The Abyei region has been a subject of contention between the two Sudans for over 50 years without resolution. The current state of human security in the Kec Village in Ameth Agok in Abyei region is worsening with characterized with high levels of infectious disease, hunger, pollution, civil war and terrorism, unemployment, political oppression and environmental degradation as Sudan and South Sudan battle out ownership of the oil rich areas in what has now been called trans boundary oil conflict Bruton, 1992 . The legal instruments and conferences within the United Nations Organizations UNO and its other agencies that argue for cooperation of Sudan and South Sudan over Abyei region through advocating for the Abyei Border Commission ABC and the holding referendum and poor implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement CPA signed in 2005 among others which have been ineffective Bah, 2005 . Scholars like Azar 1990 Klare 2001 Johnson, 2008 Johnson 2013 and Nyong'o 2013 , argue that Sudan has not used the oil in Abyei to stimulate human and economic development of the area hence human insecurities. Ajang J. Atem "The Oil Resource Affluence and Human Security in Sub-Saran Africa: Reconnoitering Sacrilege in Abyei Region" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-3 , June 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64948.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/64948/the-oil-resource-affluence-and-human-security-in-subsaran-africa-reconnoitering-sacrilege-in-abyei-region/ajang-j-atem