UNIFORM FARM OPERATIONS (UFO) ON HEMP BROOM RAPE SEED GERMINATION BY BIOLOGICAL CONTROL MANAGEMENT IN IRAN

Weeds are a constant problem in agronomy and they not only compete with crops for water, nutrients, sunlight, and space but also harbor insect and disease pests; clog irrigation and drainage systems; undermine crop quality; and deposit weed seeds into crop harvests. In order to the microbial herbicide (Orocide) influence on seed germination in Orobancheramosa L., this experiment was conducted in 2011 at Islamic Azad University Shahr-e-Qods Branch in Tehran by a completely randomized design with four replications. The factor studied included use of Orocide (0(T1), 2(T2), 4(T3) and 6(T4) percentage). The results showed that the effect of microbial herbicide (Orocide) was significant on germination percentage of Orobancheramosa. Mean comparison showed that the highest germination percentage (79%) was achieved by non-application of Orocide and lowest germination percentage (8%) was achieved by application of 4% Orocide.The results of this experiment showed that the use of Orocide can decreased the germination in Orobancheramosa L. that is uniform farm operations (UFO) very important for weed biological control management at Iran.