The Role of Immunohistochemistry in Hyperplastic Endometrial Disorders and Endometrial Carcinoma Cases: A Cross Sectional Observational Study

Background: Endometrial hyperplasia refers to a variety of morphological endometrial changes. Atypical hyperplasia can progress to endometrial carcinoma. In carcinogenic lesions, IHC aids in the diagnosis, therapeutic response and prognosis. Aim: To evaluate the expression of ER,PR,p53 and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry in hyperplastic endometrial disorders and endometrial carcinoma. Material and Methods: Present study was single-center, cross sectional study, conducted on specimens of endometrial biopsies/curettage, hysterectomy specimens, received at department of pathology. IHC was performed on EH as well as on EC specimens.IHC markers p53, ER, PR and Ki67 were done. Results: In present study, 86 patients with endometrial disorders were included, mean age of patients was 47.44 ± 10.01 years. The commonest diagnosis reported in the present study was typical hyperplasia in 57 (66.3%) of patients, followed by endometrial carcinoma in 16 (18.6%) patients and atypical hyperplasia in 13 (15.1%) patients. Of these 16 carcinoma cases, there were cases of endometriosis adenocarcinoma (15.1%) and 3 cases of clear cell adenocarcinoma (3.5%). The expression of p53 was present in 3 (3.5%) patients. ER and PR expression was present among 82 (95.3%) of patients. Ki67 expression was < 10% in 34 patients, 10-20% in 40 cases and >20% in 12 cases. We reported significant (p<0.0001) difference in distribution of patients according to diagnosis and expression of all IHC parameters. Conclusion: The immune histo chemical (IHC) expression so markers including p 53, estrogenreceptor(ER),progesteronereceptor(PR)andproliferationmarkerKi67 are recommended in patients with hyperplastic endometrial disorders.