Fetomaternal Outcome in Twin Pregnancies - A Prospective Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Center

Background: Multiple pregnancies are considered high-risk pregnancies, the commonest being twin pregnancies. It can lead to many maternal and perinatal complications. Twin gestation imposes greater demand on the maternal physiological system than does singleton pregnancy. The incidence of multifetal gestation has increased mainly because of advanced maternal age and assisted reproductive technology. This research was planned to study the outcomes of twin pregnancy in a tertiary care center and teaching hospital. Aims and objectives: To study the fetomaternal outcomes of twin pregnancy in a tertiary care center and teaching hospital. Material and Methods: The study was a prospective observational study, conducted from January 2021 to December 2021. Patients reporting to the OPD and labor room of our hospital as well as those referred from other centers were included as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data related to maternal age, residence, mode of conception, parity, gestational age, fetal presentation, mode of delivery, and maternal and neonatal complications was collected and statistically analyzed. Results: 63.3% of women with twin pregnancies were in the age group of 18-25 years. Most of them had pregnancy as a result of spontaneous conception. Among the total sample size urban dwellers were 56.6% and patients who had conceived spontaneously were 60%, 56.6% were multipara, dichorionic monoamniotic(DCMA)was 63.3%,whereas 56.6% females had a gestational age between 32-36 weeks at the time of delivery. LSCS was a mode of delivery in 56% of patients and 71% were preterm deliveries. Neonatal Intensive care unit (NICU) admission(68%) neonatal deaths (10%) and Intrauterine death (IUD) (10%) were major neonatal complications. Conclusion: Twin pregnancy is a high-risk pregnancy associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. There is a rise in caesarean section in twin pregnancies. Vigilant monitoring andcounselingin ANC visits along with the availability of good NICU care is needed for better outcomes.