Bacterial diseases and bacteria identified in farmed fish from Mexico

This study concentrates information from the publications that have described the occurrence of bacterial diseases and the isolation and identification of bacteria from Mexican fish. The research consisted of the systematic search of scientific papers in Pubmed, Scopus and other search engines using the key words: diseases, bacteria, fish, Mexico- in English and Spanish, without date restrictions; information from official institutions was also included. The analysis shows records of isolation and identification of several bacterial genera obtained from both clinically diseased and subclinical fish, with high frequency of opportunistic bacteria and that in the last decade the occurrence of septicemic diseases caused by emerging bacteria has been confirmed. In freshwater environment Flavobacterium psychrophilum, Yersinia spp., Weissella ceti and Lactococcus garviae have caused septicemic disease in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), while Francisella orientalis, Streptococcus iniae and Mycobacterium spp. have affected tilapia (Oreochromis spp.). In the saline environment, Nocardia seriolae is reported as a cause of systemic disease in red croaker (Sciaenops ocellatus). It should be noted that, despite having this information, diseases that affect or have affected fish in the country are not officially reported. To promote the development of fish farming, it is necessary to know and report its health status, in this way risks and opportunities can be identified, and control actions established.