THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF THE USE OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISMS OF PROJECT FINANCING IN THE RECOVERY OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMY

Introduction. The need to solve complex tasks related to the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine's economy requires the activation of investment activities and an increase in investment volumes. However, in modern conditions, the financial capacity of domestic investors is very low, which does not allow for the allocation of significant funds for investment financing. Under such conditions, there is a need to find new investment methods that would help attract a wide range of investors for the implementation of large investment projects. One of the effective directions for solving this problem is the use of financial and economic mechanisms of project financing. Ensuring the effectiveness of their functioning requires an in-depth study of the theoretical foundations of their formation with the aim of using non-traditional sources and tools of capital attraction, as well as methods of organization and management suitable for domestic conditions. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to deepen the theoretical foundations of the formation of financial and economic mechanisms for project financing and to substantiate the main directions of their use in order to stimulate investment activity to ensure the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine's economy. Materials and methods. The research materials include: 1) works by domestic and foreign scientists who study the theoretical and practical aspects of the formation and use of financial and economic mechanisms of project financing, and 2) regulatory and legal documents and recommendations on the development of project financing mechanisms. The following scientific methods were used in the research process: theoretical generalization (to determine the key features of investment projects and the principles of forming financial and economic mechanisms); grouping (for the classification of types of project financing by main features); comparative analysis (to identify the differences between project financing and other forms of investment, and to analyze their advantages and disadvantages); formalization, analysis, and synthesis (to determine modern trends in the use of financial and economic mechanisms of project financing, and characteristics of the main types of long-term financing); expert evaluation (to determine the potential and prospects of using financial and economic mechanisms of project financing for the reconstruction of Ukraine's economy); and logical generalization (for formulating conclusions and developing recommendations). Results. The article defines and characterizes the key features of investment projects, classifies them according to their main features, clarifies the concept of project financing, and outlines the main principles for forming and using financial and economic mechanisms of project financing. It also defines the organizational and legal forms of interaction among project participants, demonstrating that their combination provides a reliable methodological basis for organizing and managing investment projects to maintain the stability of future cash flows from their implementation.