ROLE OF METFORMIN AND VITAMIN D3 IN OBESE PCOS PATIENTS

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and endocrinological disorder affecting women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of 4-20%. It is characterized by symptoms such as oligoamenorrhea/amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia, and ultrasound (USG) features of polycystic ovaries. Risk factors include excessive weight gain, high BMI, dyslipidemia, stress, and chronic illness. Symptoms such as menstrual irregularity, infertility, male-pattern hair loss, facial hair, and acne are common due to anovulation and androgen excess. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it is believed to be multifactorial, involving environmental and genetic factors. Studies suggest overexpression of LH receptors on theca cells as a potential mechanism.