Biomembrane Systems for Convergent Biomimetic Technologies

Convergent biomimetic technologies are a popular biotechnological direction. They include approaches that rely on biological and membrane processes, which require special engineering support, e.g., hybrid biomembrane systems. This article reviews scientific achievements in the sphere of biomembrane systems, their design, technological capabilities, and development prospects. The review covered scientific publications on the development, research, application, problems, and prospects of biomembrane systems published in 2013–2024 and registered in Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, Elsevier, and eLIBRARY.RU. The scientific and technical data made it possible to identify the main features of biomembrane systems and classify them. Biomembrane systems improve the cultivation of yeast, lactic and acetic acids, and other metabolites. In lactic acid production, biomembrane systems increase the process efficiency by tenfold: the yield reaches 50 g/L×h with a product content of 100 g/L. Biomembrane systems demonstrate excellent prospects as a source of new progressive biotechnologies. However, they remain understudied for industrial use. The organization, structure, performance, and development of biomembrane processes and systems are highly relevant as part of new effective and economical convergent biomimetic technologies but require additional research.