Anti-Metabolic Syndrome Effect of Trans-Cinnamic Acid

The metabolic syndrome, also known as syndrome X or insulin resistance syndrome, is a global human health issue. It is associated with visceral obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, hypoglycemia, hypocholesterolemia, and cardiovascular diseases. This article describes the anti-metabolic syndrome effect of several biologically active mixes that consisted of rutin, quercetin, and trans-cinnamic acid. The experimental mixes differed in composition and ratio, with trans-cinnamic acid being the most abundant component. Mix 1 included rutin, quercetin, and trans-cinnamic acid (1:1:2), Mix 2 consisted of rutin and trans-cinnamic acid (1:3), Mix 3 was a combination of rutin, quercetin, and trans-cinnamic acid (4:1:15), Mix 4 consisted of quercetin and trans-cinnamic acid (3:1). The effective dose was 100.0 mg/kg for all samples. The hypocholesterolemic activity was studied on 48 male black C57Bl/6 mice with hypercholesterolemia induced by lipoprotein lipase inhibitor Poloxamer 407 (400.0 mg/kg). The hypoglycemic activity was determined in vivo on 42 white Wistar rats. Each rat was administered with an individual concentration of the experimental mix (effective doses: 100.0 mg/kg for the mixes, 5.0 mg/kg for glibenclamide, and 2 000.0 mg/kg for glucose). Blood was sampled from the tip of the tail to record the input data on glucose and total cholesterol. The study revealed a reliable decrease (p < 0.01) in the area under curve for glucose concentration and time (Mix 3), which indicated hypoglycemic potential. All groups demonstrated a certain decrease in glucose, but it was statistically significant only in the animals that received Mix 3. All the mixes exhibited a reliable hypocholesterolemic effect. The tests on triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins revealed no statistically significant differences between the experimental groups. However, those treated with Mixes 2 and 3 demonstrated a trend towards lower triglycerides, and those that received Mixes 1 and 4 had a lower level of low-density lipoproteins. Mixes 2 (rutin + trans-cinnamic acid, 1:3), 3 (rutin + quercetin + trans-cinnamic acid, 4:1:15), and 4 (quercetin + trans-cinnamic acid, 3:1) proved to be suitable for anti-metabolic syndrome bioactive additives.