Gendered Spaces: A Critical Exploration of Transgender Identity and Gender Discrimination in Arundhati Roy's “The Ministry of Utmost Happiness”

This paper explores the concept of gendered spaces in Arundhati Roy's “The Ministry of Utmost Happiness”, focusing on the experiences of transgender individuals and the systemic gender discrimination prevalent in contemporary Indian society. Roy's depiction of spaces—both physical and metaphorical—reveals how gender constructs marginalise and alienate individuals, particularly those who exist outside traditional gender binaries. This article examines the intricate relationships between gender, space, and identity as reflected in Roy's narrative, offering critical insights into the struggles and resilience of marginalised communities.