Customs System of the Amudarya Division at the End of the 19th Beginning of the 20th Century

In this article, based on an in depth analysis of diverse historical sources, examines the development of internal trade relations in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya in the late 19th – early 20th centuries, highlighting its complex and contradictory aspects. The article provides a detailed overview of the river crossings on the Amu Darya – both trading and cargo points – their leasing, pricing policy, impact on the local population, and the negative consequences of this system for livestock farming. The article criticizes the fact that the obligatory passage through authorized crossings forced the population to cover long distances the author also condemns the artificial overpricing and poor quality of services. The article uses archival sources, including documents from the Central Archive of the Republic of Uzbekistan, customs reports, statistics and periodicals. The results of the study may be of interest to specialists in the history, economy and customs policy of the region. Gulimbetov Aryslanbay Utebaevich "Customs System of the Amudarya Division at the End of the 19th - Beginning of the 20th Century" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-5 , October 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd97436.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/97436/customs-system-of-the-amudarya-division-at-the-end-of-the-19th-beginning-of-the-20th-century/gulimbetov-aryslanbay-utebaevich