Operational management of manufacturing enterprises in the context of digitalization: a multimetric approach to assessing efficiency

This paper examines the challenge of measuring the economic effectiveness of digitalisation in manufacturing operations of industrial companies. The widespread adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies raises a critical question for management: how to reliably determine the return on digital solution implementation and justify capital investment decisions? The authors propose an integrated methodology for measuring the effectiveness of digital transformation in operational management, which combines financial metrics (ROI, ROA, ROE), digitalisation indicators (ROD, Digital Maturity Index, TCO, DPM, OEE), and alternative measures (eNPS, CSAT, Innovation Capability Index, Sustainability Metrics) into a three-dimensional evaluation model. The proposed multimetric approach integrates economic, environmental, and social dimensions, enabling a comprehensive analysis of digitalisation's impact on operational performance. Empirical investigation of international and domestic experience confirms the high effectiveness of the presented methodology: companies demonstrate substantial increases in output volumes, reductions in production cycle times, improvements in product quality, cost optimisation, and development of employees' digital skills. A multidimensional model of key performance indicators has been constructed across seven dimensions: finance, digitalisation, operational activities, personnel development, customer orientation, environmental responsibility, and innovation potential. Specific conditions for implementing the multimetric approach in Ukrainian industrial enterprises have been identified, considering the current state of digital development, financial constraints, shortage of qualified information technology specialists, and sectoral differences. A step-by-step implementation strategy has been formulated through four stages: assessing the organisation's digital maturity level, selecting priority metrics, establishing a continuous monitoring system, and interpreting obtained data with subsequent adjustment of the digitalisation strategy. The practical significance of this research lies in the possibility of applying the developed methodological provisions when making strategic decisions regarding the financing of digital modernisation projects in manufacturing operations.