Curative effect of extractive phytoconstituents of Psidium guajava leaves on ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in experimental animals

The aim of this study was to investigate the curative effect of extractive phytoconstituents of Psidium guajava leaves on ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in experimental animals. Urolithiasis was induced in Wistar albino rats by 0.75% Ethylene glycol (v/v) in drinking water for 28 days and preventive effect of ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava leaves (EEPG) was evaluated. The animals were divided into six group’s i.e. normal control, negative control, positive control (Cystone, 750 mg/kg body weight, p.o.) and test (EEPG, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg body weight, p.o.). All extracts and standard drug were given once daily by oral route from 15th to 28th day. Evaluation parameters such as body weight, urinary volume, urine and serum calcium, oxalate, creatinine, urea and uric acid were evaluated. Kidneys from each animal were removed on the 28th day for histopathological examination. EEPG prevents the reduction in body weight and significantly increased the urine volume. EEPG treatment significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the elevated urinary and serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, calcium and oxalate level. Histopathological examination of EEPG treated showed decreased degenerative changes in the kidney tissue like epithelial cell dissociation, interstitial inflammation within the renal tissue and proximal tubules dilation. Extractive phytoconstituents of Psidium guajava leaves was found to show potential anti-urolithiatic activity.