A Literature Review: Current Issues in Listening Strategy Research and Instruction on ESL Adult Learners

Extensive research has examined the effectiveness of listening strategies on language learners listening comprehension performance. This article discusses current issues in listening strategy instruction research that affect teachers and learners of second or foreign languages. These issues include: listening processes, differences between more and less effective listeners, listening strategy instruction, assessment of listening strategies, and students' perceptions of strategy instruction. These issues are examined through a discussion of existing literature on listening strategies and strategy instruction. Suggestions are presented for future research on issues that have not yet been thoroughly explored.