THE INFLUENCE OF SUGAR SOURCE IN INDUCTION CULTURAL MEDIA ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CALLUS FORMATION AND PLANT REGENERATION IN DURUM CULTURE OF WHEAT ANTHER IN VITRO

Double haploids are important for durum wheat breeding. Anther culture method for obtaining double haploid is one of the most popular. Effectiveness of this method de?pends on different factors such as cultural condition and plant genotype. It is important to investigate the impact of a cultural condition on the level of callus induction and plant regeneration. Sugar source in cultural media affects a process of androgenesis in vitro. Ability of four winter and four spring durum wheat hybrids F2 to androgenesis in vitro was studied. Two induction media with different sugar source were compared. C17M media contained maltose in 90 g/l concentration. C17n media contained sucrose in 60 g/l concentration and glucose in 17.5 g/l concentration. It was estimated that the level of callus induction and albino plant regeneration were higher on the media with maltose for all investigated genotypes. The level of green plants regeneration was low. Green plants were obtained only for three genotypes. Three green double haploids of T12 genotype obtained from new formations on C17M media, were successfully culti?vated in soil and produced seeds. Analysis of variances (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. The percentage of total variance accounted for each factor was calculated. It was established that plant genotype had the most significant influence on callus induc?tion. Interaction between factor of genotype and induction cultural media had the biggest percentage of total variance accounted for albino and green plants regeneration.