Variasi dan Filogeni Kancil dan Napu (Tragulus Sp.) di Indonesia Menggunakan Gen 12s rRNA Mitokondria (VARIATION AND PHYLOGENI ON GENUS TRAGULUS (TRAGULUS SP.) IN INDONESIA USING MITOCHONDRIAL 12s rRNA GENE)

Genus Tragulus in Indonesia is consisted of three species, namely Tragulus javanicus, T. napu, and T. kanchil. These three species are distributed in Kalimantan (Borneo), Java, Sumatra and Lesser Sunda islands. Taxonomically, based on morphological characteristic,T. javanicus is the same species as T. kanchil, while T. napu have differences in body size compared to the previous species. The status of genus Tragulus in Indonesia are protected by the law and categorized as least concern for T. napu and data deficient for T. javanicus in the IUCN Redlist. The aims of this study was to look at genetic variation among species and kinship based on mitochondrial DNA gene genus Tragulus. Genes used in this study was 12S ribosomal RNA with 300 bp long, using eight samples orginated from Singkep Islands (four individuals), Mount Halimun, West Java (three individuals) and East Kalimantan (one individual). As a comparisons, published nucleotide sequence of each species from GeneBank database were used. The results showed that the genetic distances (d) between individuals is high d = 0.322 ± 0.023 with the nucleotide diversity (ð) = 0.2402 which indicates that samples was consisted of samples from different species. Phylogenetic tree based on the nucleotide analysis indicatedthat these samples composed of three species namely T. javanicus, T. kanchil and T. napu. Samples from Mt. Halimun and East Kalimantan are clustered in one group, namely T. kanchil (Borneo) and T. javanicus (Mt. Halimun). Two samples from Singkep are clustered in different groups with the possibility as T. napu.