Kinesiogenomics: The Genomic Era in Kinesiology

The application of genomics research in kinesiology may be characterized as kinesiogenomics or sport genetics. Therefore, kinesiogenomcs is generally known as the study of genetics in the various discipline of kinesiology which refer to the study of human movement. In the research field of Kinesiogenomics, the scientific goal is to clarify the role of genes in sport performance, identification of various genes with their different alleles that affect to the response and adaptation of the body systems and metabolism . By thelp of the these genetic research studies in various disciplines of kinesiology, it will be possible to use genetic testing to predict sport performance or to individualize exercise prescription with the potential for genetic therapy. It is supposed to enhance the sport performance because of that reason that the Interindividual variation of kinesiogenomicrelated trait such as maximal oxygen consumption, muscle fibre composition and trainability has a strong genetic basis. Genetic research has a large potential for developing the area of kinesiology with the contribution of genetic factors for various phenotypes related to sport performance including aerobic and anaerobic performance, muscular endurance and strength, motor performance, and some determinant of performance such as morphological, cardiac and skeletal muscle characteristic. In the area of kinesiology, up till now kinesiogenomics research studies have moved into a new era utilizing well-phenotyped, large cohort and genomewide technologies. The main aim of this review is to summarize the most recent and significant genetic finding in the various discipline of kinesiology and to predict the future expectation and possibilities for kinesiogenomics.