Acute Myeloid Leukemia with T(8;16)(P11;P13) and Rapid Clonal Evolution in a Patient with Follicular Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

We report a case of a 60 year-old woman diagnosed with therapy-related Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) t(8;16)(p11;p13) 4 years after receiving chemotherapy for follicular lymphoma. Blasts with monocytic differentiation and erythrophagocytosis were observed, whereas a t(8;16)(p11;p13) was found as the only cytogenetic abnormality. Despìte that the patient achieved a complete response after intensive chemotherapy followed by an allogenic stem cell transplantation an early relapse occurred. Interestingly, a clonal evolution was observed at relapse by adding cytogenetic translocation (15;17 (q24;q21) and aberrant chromosome 1. About 150 cases of AML with t(8;16)(p11;p13) and MYST3/CREBBP rearrangement have been reported. This is a rare entity that harbours specific clinical, morphological, molecular, and prognostic features that might make it to be considered a differentiated entity. Finally, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on clonal evolution in a case of AML with t(8;16)(p11;p13).