Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus: Molecular Pathogenesis and Implications Towards Therapeutic Progressions

The recently emerged Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causing severe respiratory tract infection in humans is now considered as a pandemic threat worldwide. It is a novel class of coronavirus group which uses a number of unidentified pathways for replication using nonconforming factors and pathogenesis in selective animal species. Currently, there is still dearth of information on foremost source of viral transmission along with exact pathogenic mechanism of action. The pathological effect is also diversified in different hosts. Besides this, the hospital outbreak of this super-spreading virus has made a greater concern about global health. The documented clinical studies accessible in this study represent the deadly outcome. The augmented rate of fatality of MERS-CoV induced disease makes it essential to develop safe and effective vaccines against this virus. Considering this issue, we reviewed on the factors responsible for the viral infection together with the promising mechanisms of pathogenesis initiated till date. In addition with the illustration of possible divergent targets of the virus, the evidences on pathological analysis developed through humans and other species could be momentum for therapeutic treatment strategies. This revelation may exert crucial guidance for the development of stable animal model in vivo trial as well as effective vaccines for the prevention of MERS-CoV spread.