VOCATIONAL TRAINING AS A TOOL OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF EUROPEAN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ENTERPRISES

It is proved that the policy of sustainable development in the intellectual capital management of Europe's mechanical engineering enterprises has the most sufficient impact on the competitive position, the performance. Vocational training and apprenticeships are considered as the basis of internal corporate intellectual capital management strategy, as well as an integral part of business social responsibility. It has been demonstrated in the article that individual and vocational training at industrial enterprises is a widely used practice, described by many authors in the academic literature. It was noted that the most competitive enterprises of the industry are taking steps to establish appropriate training and development opportunities for their employees. The basic competence necessary for technical staff that works at the European mechanical engineering companies, including narrowly specialized engineering skills, technological, cultural, linguistic competence, ability to work with information and computer technologies are represented. The benefits of vocational training, including internal corporate training and apprenticeship are highlighted. The experience of German mechanical engineering enterprises and their units abroad concerning introduction of vocational education three-level program that includes the convergence of theoretical and practical skills and is being implemented or in the form of the conclusion of a permanent contract with the trainee, or his transfer to adjacent enterprises, or further study at university is studied. Analysis of the implementation of vocational training policy at the enterprises of mechanical engineering in Germany are given. It was noted that the benefits from the use of vocational training programs outweigh the costs of their implementation. They allow to avoid recruitment, approbation period costs, reduce staff turnover.