HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE.A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 103 PATIENTS

Objective Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common public health issue. A renal damageor decreased renal function with persistent elevation of serum creatinine levels ( 1.5 mgdl) for three ormore months is defined as CKD. Anemia is commonly observed in patients with CKD and the earlydetection of the type of anemia is important as it has a favorable response to treatment among otherconditions associated with CKD. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate thehematological profile in patients with CKD.Materials and methodsThe case records of 103 patientsbetween January 2007 and September 2011 in a single institution with the diagnosis of CKD wereretrospectively evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 54 years (Range 25-80 years).Complete blood picture, hemoglobin (Hb) level, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, plateletcount and bone marrow (BM) aspirates were evaluated in all these cases..ResultsOf the 103 cases,70 patients were males and 33 were females. The mean age of the patients was 54 years (Range 25-80 years) of which the majority (60 patients) were between the age group of 50 and 70 years. 91.3percentage of patients (94103) were anemic with a hemoglobin concentration less than 12 gmdl.Normocytic normochromic (NN) anemia was the most commonly observed peripheral smear patternthat was seen in 67 patients (65percentage) followed by microcytic hyphochromic (MH) anemia in 21patients (20 percentage) and macrocytic normochromic (MN) anemia in 10 patients. Dimorphicpicture was the least common pattern and was observed only in 5 patients. Leukocytosis that waspredominantly neutrophilic was observed in 10 patients while leucopenia was noted in 11 patients. 23 patients had thrombocytopenia while thrombocytosis was observed in 4 patients. Hypercellular bonemarrow was observed in 57 cases.ConclusionAnemia is commonly observed in patients with CKDand normocytic normochromic (NN) anemia is the most frequently noted peripheral smear pattern.