FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE ORGANISM OF CHILDREN UNDER SYSTEMATIC MARTIAL ARTS TRAINING SESSIONS

This paper deals with the study of changes in the parameters of the cardiac pump function (CPF) of young athletes in the course of systematic martial arts training. It was revealed that during long-term sports training the heart rate in young karatekas changes unevenly. The most significant decrease in heart rate is observed at the stage of special training. In the process of eight/nine years of systematic muscular training, the total decrease in heart rate of young athletes is 22.0±1.4 bpm (P<0.05). During the same period of natural growth and development, the heart rate in children not engaged in sports decreases only by 16.0±1.5 bpm (P<0.05). Practicing martial arts contributes to the increase in stroke volume. The SV growth rate in young karatekas is significantly expressed during initial and specialized training. At the same time, the increase in SV in young karate students is approximately the same at the first two stages of sports training. The total increase in SV in young karatekas for eight/nine years of systematic muscular training was 47.4±2.2 ml (P<0.05). The children not engaged in sports had increase in their stroke volume by only 39.0±2.5 ml (P<0.05) during the same period of natural growth and development. The rate of increase in cardiac output (CO) among young karatekas is pronounced than at the stage of special training. Analyzing the cardiac pump function response to the orthostatic test, it was revealed that in young karatekas the response of the heart rate to an orthostatic test decreases as their training level increases. At the same time, the resistance of the heart rate to the orthostatic test is more pronounced at the initial stage of sports training. Young karatekas, during active change of the supine position to the sitting position, had reliable decrease in their stroke volume in comparison with the initial data only at the initial training stage. Starting with the stage of special training, the stroke volume in young karatekas did not change significantly at active change of the supine to sitting position. Children systematically practicing karate showed unreliable response of the cardiac output to a change in body position at all stages of sport training, whereas those not engaged in sports, on the contrary, had their cardiac output maintained at a high level. Keywords: muscle training, young sportsmen, martial arts, heart rate, stroke volume.