MEDIEVAL CARAVAN ROUTES AND HISTORICAL PLACES IN SOUTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

The article describes the caravan routes in the territory of southern Kazakhstan, the spread and flourishing of which falls on the middle ages and XIX century, as well as the nature of the development of historical places along these caravan routes. It is narrated how caravan routes connecting East and West, North and South of Karatau were the basis for the development of trade, political and socio-economic relations. The attention is drawn to the names and origin of the Karatau passes, settlements, Holy places.