APPLICATION OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS FOR THE EVALUATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND HEAVY METALS IN BERRECHID GROUNDWATER MOROCCO

This work is part of a program to study the Berrechid groundwater by conducting physico-chemical and heavy metal analyzes of seven samples. Indeed samples of water samples were taken during January 2018. The results of the analysis presented in this work, showed that the pH is close to the neutrality and the values found in ions potassium, calcium, chlorides and iron meet the standards defined by the W.H.O. On the other hand, the recorded values of electrical conductivity, sodium, nickel and lead remain high at certain measurement points and far exceed the guideline value set by Moroccan standards and also do not comply with the standards defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). So the waters of the Berrechid aquifer are contaminated by these elements. The application of the principal component analysis on these results, shows that we have two groups of wells: - A first group of wells in the positive part of the F1 axis, with waters with high concentrations of ( Na, Cl, Co and Ca) and high values of electrical conductivity at wells P1 and P2. A second group of wells is in the negative part of the F1 axis, characterized by waters with high concentrations (Fe and Ni) at the stations (P5, P6 and P7).The correlation circle shows that the F1 axis which represents 55.67% of the variance is positively determined by (CE, Cl, Ca, and Na), this axis shows that Na, Cl, Ca and the electrical conductivity are closely related and evolve in the same sense and this axis opposes these elements and pH and iron. Finally, Co and K are opposite on axis II, which expresses (16.56%) of the variance.