CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTUAL NUTRITION AND EATING BEHAVIOR OF INDIVIDUALS WITH NORMAL AND EXCESSIVE NUTRITIONAL STATUS

Background. Infringement of the principles of rational nutrition by the population including those associated with the peculiarities of food behavior, increases the risks for diet-related diseases. Aim. Study of actual nutrition, analysis of nutritional behavior in individuals with normal and excessive nutritional status. Materials and Methods. The object of research was the able-bodied population of the Samara region (118 people). The subject of research was nutrition and lifestyle of the working population. In the research, Hygienic, sociological, psychodiagnostic, anthropometric, statistical methods were used. Results. The results of the research showed that the diet of men and women with overweight and obesity significantly differed from that of individuals with normal body weight in that it contained excess amount of fat, saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, added sugar. Socio-psychological analysis of the nutritional behavior of obese and overweight individuals revealed peculiarities associated with the lack of volitional restrictions, with overeating, with difficulties in self-analysis and intra-family conflicts. Conclusions. Hygienic characteristics of actual nutrition, based on modern methods of analysis, in combination with the socio-psychological analysis of eating behavior permits to timely prevent obesity in family, to use psychological methods of correction of eating behavior of individuals with obesity and overweight on the basis of characterological individual characteristics of the personality, and to correct diets of individuals with different types of nutritional status.