FBI clashes with the Soviet intelligence service at the end of the 1930s and early 1940s as a factor of development of “Red Scare” in the USA

The first “Red Scare” (1917-1920) seriously affected U.S. relations with Soviet Russia. The activities of the Ministry of Justice, in particular, the famous “Palmer Raids” (1919-1920) enshrined this concept in security forces and American society. However, after 1920 the “Red Scare” in general went down, but within the internal security agencies of the United States, FBI in particular, the biased and suspicious attitude towards Russia and communism continued to dominate. Clashes between FBI and Soviet intelligence in the late 1930s contributed to the development of the perception of the USSR as an unfriendly and dangerous state and laid the ground for the future second “Red Scare” (1947-1957).