The development of postgraduate studies in Russia: the solutions to improve the targeting of screened applicants to training of highly qualified personnel

This article discusses solutions in the field of improving the system of selection of candidates for training at the postgraduate level in Russia that aims to reduce the dropout rate of graduate students after the first and the second year of study and, as a consequence, to increase the efficiency of federal budget expenditures on postgraduate school. The proposed model of targeted selection goes beyond the competitive selection of individual educational institutions and provides for the differentiation of applicants into several main streams for the purpose of targeted distribution of students according to their motivation, abilities and also with the proposed educational programs and needs of the potential employer.