An Evaluation of Mechanical Characteristics of an Electric Motorcycle with a Drive System Integrated a CVT Transmission

Electric motorcycles are widely used in developing countries due to the typical advantages of electric vehicles such as not using gasoline, saving operating costs, etc. Especially, the use of electric power sources will contribute to the environmental protection due to pollution of exhaust emission from vehicles using gasoline fuel. This is a sustainable development direction for modern transport and is interested by many countries around the world. However, most types of electric motorcycles do not integrate a CVT transmission into the drive system, thus, it does not ensure a suitable torque at low speeds, especially when travelling in the special traffic conditions in urban areas. This paper presents a design of a drive system including a CVT transmission integrated into a Cygnus motorcycle frame to develop an electric motorcycle with the goal of safe operation, avoiding the phenomenon of sliding and jerking when the speed changes. The results show that the motorcycle operates stably with design parameters with the capable of operating at the maximum torque of 44.14 N.m at wheel speed of 173 rpm. At other speed ranges, the system automatically adjusts CVT ratios corresponding to those speeds, so that the wheel shaft torque will be suitable for the corresponding operating conditions, ensuring vehicle performance, avoiding slipping and jerking phenomenon when changing state from low speed to high speed.