GIS based Temporal Analysis of Land use Pattern and its Impact - Proposed Gurgaon Manesar Urban Complex

Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyse the rapidly changing land use pattern for past several years around proposed Gurgaon Manesar urban complex and its socioeconomic impact on the residents. Material and Methods: GIS based temporal analysis of land use pattern was done using Landsat satellite Imagery for the year 1987, 2011, 2014 and 2019. Georeferencing of the satellite imagery was done using Ground control Point in the first phase and then Land use pattern was digitised using Arc GIS software in the second phase. The distinct land use for past years was then analysed using population and agriculture data to understand the socio-economic impact. Findings: The infrastructure projects and Immigrants Population has resulted in an increase of settlement area which has increased from 2% in the year1987 to 15% in 2011 of total Manesar tehsil area which grows up to 21% in 2014 and currently occupies 26% of the total area. The increasing settlements area has direct impact on the count of household which has increased from 13817 in 2001 to 44074 in 2011 and is expected to grow up to 57476 by the year 2021. Result suggests that Manesar Township as well as other villages across the tehsil is going to be spatially expanded soon. Increasing population density will result in high water demand. Currently, the dependency is on groundwater which may worsen in the coming days as Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) has reported the depletion of the water table by 1-1.2 meter every year. There were also various haphazard developments, construction of real estate buildings not meeting the criteria of a planned city. The lesson learnt from the failure in planning the Gurgaon city must be taken into consideration and Coordination among various government organizations must be balanced for the speedy resolution of open issues and faster decision-making. This may lead to a path towards strengthening e-governance. Novelty/Applications: The guidelines to obtain various permissions across the government machinery must be updated to accommodate the various new planning strategies. Public-private partnership may be the best approach where faster development may occur with world-class amenities, which is currently lacking to a greater extent