ONOMASIOLOGICAL AND FIELD APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF ABBREVIORY WORDS

The article is devoted to the study of abbreviated words, in particular, complex ones. The necessity of combining several approaches for the complex consideration of abbreviations is substantiated. The combination of onomasiological and field approaches to the material makes it possible to understand how the objective reality is reflected in the language. Based on the field organization of the vocabulary, we distinguish in it the appropriate stratum with the objective meaning of the “structure”, onomasiological approach helps to see how correlated abbreviation word and realities. Onomasiological models are presented in the work, containing in their structure the names of buildings. A new complex word-formation unit is proposed - an abbreviation-onomasiological field. Within the framework of this field, the vocabulary of one concept group (buildings) and one structure is analyzed. This approach allows us to trace how the realities are reflected in the language, in particular, in abbreviations