MAIN OBSTACLES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOENERGY IN UKRAINE

In the paper we consider the need for the development of bioenergy in Ukraine, which today occupies a leading place among other areas of renewable energy sources (RES). Attention is drawn to the following advantages in bioenergy compared to the use of non-renewable energy sources (NRES): the inexhaustibility of seasonally accumulated energy sources, due to their annual self-healing, the fundamental possibility (if necessary) of increasing biofuel production to fully meet human needs, a slight disruption of the natural balance of the ecosystem compared to NRES, the possibility of achieving low energy prices mainly due to the realization of local energy production. We present the issues of the current state, existing barriers (incorrect definition of the term «biomass» in the Law of Ukraine «On Electric Power Industry»; requirements for the «local component» of projects claiming to receive a green tariff (GT) are unreasonably high, and GT coefficients on electricity from biomass and biogas are insufficient for the dynamic development of the industry; objects of bioenergetics are classified into category V of complexity along with the objects of atomic energy and chemical industry, which leads to a significant complication and an increase in the design and construction costs, the increased requirements for the location of the relevant facilities) and the prospects for the development of bioenergy in Ukraine. The possibility, importance and urgency of using biomass as a fuel are shown. The possibilities of increasing bioenergy production in the country are estimated. It has been established that the proper use of the existing potential of the country and the latest technologies of waste treatment will contribute to the successful solution of the food problem, to increase the optimum amount of biofuel production and help to solve the problem of ensuring energy security. We propose the realistic goals for the development of the bioenergy sector in the country. It has been proven that, in the long term, bioenergy can contribute to the achievement of the economic, environmental and social goals of society.