Comparison between Oral Ethanol Vegetable Fern Leaves (Diplazium esculentum) Extract and Simvastatin to Improve Lipid Profile and Decrease F2-isoprostane Level in Wistar Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus) With Dyslipidemia

Background: In dyslipidemia, lipid profile and lipid peroxidation increases. Lipid peroxidation was measured by F2-isoprostane level. Vegetable fern contains flavonoid and other constituent. This research aims to prove administration of oral ethanol vegetable fern leaves extract improves lipid profile and decrease F2-isoprostane level in male Wistar rats compared to simvastatin. Methods: This study used experimental pre test ? post test control group design, 14 wistar rats, males, 2,5-3 months old, weighing 140-200 grams, divided into 2 groups. Simvastatin group was given simvastatin 0,36 mg, whereas vegetable fern groupwas given oral ethanol vegetable fern leaves extract 100 mg, by intragastric force-feeding, once a day, for 21 days. Blood serum has been used to measure lipid profile and F2-isoprostane level. Results: There was a decrease in total cholesterol level after intervention, not only in simvastatin group (221.45 mg/dL vs 191.61 mg/dL; p=0.001) but also vegetable fern group (225.24 mg/dL vs 196.54 mg/dL; p=0.002). LDLalso decreased in both groups (135.67 mg/dL vs 86.69 mg/dL; pless than0.001 and 140.56 mg/dL vs 98.86 mg/dL; pless than0.001). HDL increased in both groups (52.69 mg/dL vs 77.20 mg/dL; pless than0.001 and 51.73 mg/dL vs 68.95 mg/dL; pless than0.001). Triglyceride level decreased in both groups (165.40 mg/dL vs 138.58 mg/dL; p=0.002and164.78 mg/dL vs 143.66 mg/dL; p=0.003). F2-isoprostane level decreased in simvastatin group not significantly (11.87 ng/L vs 11.27 ng/L; p=0.420), but decreased significantly in vegetable fern group (12.18 ng/L vs 4.05 ng/L; pless than0.001). Comparison between two groups after intervention showed no significant differences regarding delta total cholesterol, delta LDL, and delta triglyceride (pgreater than0.05). Conclusion: As conclusion, administration of oral ethanol vegetable fern leaves extract improved lipid profile level in wistar male rats with dyslipidemianot as good as simvastatin but decreased F2-isoprostane better than simvastatin.