Morphological Variations of Placenta in South Coastal Andhra Pradesh

Introduction: Placenta is the most important endocrine organ with intimate relation to foetus. It is the functional center of the maternal-foetal system and is responsible for respiratory, nutritional, excretory, endocrine, and immunological functions. Aim: To determine the morphometry of placenta and its variations. Materials And Methods: The present study consists of 100 Placentae with Umbilical Cords attached were collected from the GGH, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Before the study the permission was taken from the Institutional Ethical Committee and Head of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Exclusion criteria HIV +ve, HbS Ag +ve cases were excluded. In the Inclusion criteria all the Placentae of full term delivered who has attended to GGH, Labour room. Results: Parameters like Weight, Shape, diameter, thickness, Number of Cotyledons, Length, and Contents of the Umbilical Cord along with blood vessels supply to Umbilical Cord were measured for 100 placentae. Conclusion: The higher incidence of normal weight of placenta is 513gms with the range of 350gms to 850gms. The incidence of shape of placenta is 83% round, 17% oval. The thickness of the placenta is 7.3 inches. The average numbers of maternal cotyledons are 19.5 (mean) with the range of 11-36. The length of umbilical cord ranges from 40 - 70cms. 39% cords are in the range of 30-61cms because of the irregular cutting of the umbilical cord at the baby end, so length of the umbilical cord will be altered.