Human Health Risk Assessment and Effectssome Heavy Metals in the Tissue of Two Species of Cichlidae (Hemichromisfasciatus and Tilapia zillii x Tilapia guineensis) from the Western Part of the Ebrie Lagoon, Cote Divoire

This study has been conducted to assessment the human health risk via the consumption for Hemichromisfasciatus and zillii Tilapia guineensis by contamination of heavy metal such as Hg, Pb, Cd and As. Fishes species were collectedin the mainland and maritime areas in western part of Ebrie lagoon. Moreover, Histopathological alterations were used as indicators for the effects of anthropogenic pollutants. After dried and digested of tissues (muscle, liver and kidney), the concentration of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in tissues were carried out using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. For histopathological studies, tissues (liver and kidney) were screened for a variety of histopathological features and lesions by light microscope under 400X magnifications. The Hazard Index (HI) for all heavy metals in the species were higher than 1. The highest HI value suggests a potential health risk by fish consumption of the population. Histopathological examination of organsof fish species revealed varying alterations. Mostly, the damages of liver and kidney of both fish speciesincluded haemorrhage, fibrosis, congestion in blood sinusoid, dilatation of blood sinusoid, cytoplasmic vacuolar, necrosis, degeneration of cells, dilatation vacuolar and intravascular haemolysis in blood vessels. However, the species of Hemichromisfasciatus presented the damage in all organsobserved.