The Modification in Concrete through Partial Replacement of Cement with Utilization of Industrial Waste

Construction Industry is based upon concrete, which by large depends on cement. The cement production generates carbon dioxide emission of same magnitude at cement plant –an input to global warming and wide spread air pollution. The modified concrete production through partial replacement of cement with utilization of industrial waste has been reviewed from environmental conservation point of view. In India, the adequate utilization of Industrial waste as Fly-ash from Thermal Power Station, Ceramic dust from Ceramic Industry, Glass powder waste from Glass Industry and Marble dust from Marble Industry have been successfully carried out towards partial replacement of cement in concrete production of M30, M35, and M50 grade with desired strength criteria. In Malaysia, the utilization of agricultural waste as Palm Oil Fuel Ash [POFA] from local Palm industry has been successfully used as partial replacement of cement in concrete production with equal strength of conventional concrete. In Australia, fly-ash based concrete has been executed in construction of River Bridge, fly-over and Road, successfully. Two modified concrete products namely Geo Polymer Concrete [GPC], Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete [GFRC] have been developed in India without losing any strength parameters like- Compressive strength, Split Tensile strength, Flexural strength& Workability [Slump Test] at Research cum Lab stage and yet to be proved at commercial scale. The general cum specific property, utilization, application, cost and eco-friendly aspects of GPC, GFRC along-with scope for other Indian agricultural waste utilization issues have been discussed.