Secondary Chronic Osteomyelitis of Maxilla Region: A Case Report

Background: Osteomyelitis is defined as an inflammatory condition of bone that begins as an infection of medullary cavity and Haversian system of the cortex and extend to involve the periosteum of the infected area. The maxilla have thin cortical bone and more cancellous bone leading to more bood supply and less chances of the osteomyelitis. However, it may cause serious complication for the patient such as infection of cranial cavity and brain. It is essential that maxillary osteomyelitis be diagnosed and treated aggressively by the surgeon to avoid subsequent dreaded consequences. Purpose: to report a case and management of secondary chronic osteomyelitis at right posterior region of maxilla treated with both medical and surgical interventions. Case: A 41 years old female patient reported to private hospital with chief complaint of pain, swelling, pus discharged and unhealed exposed bone of right posterior maxilla region after performed first molar tooth extraction 1 year ago, and was diagnosed as secondary chronic osteomyelitis. Case Management The patient underwent both medical and surgical intervention with sequestrectomy. Conclusion: Osteomyelitis of maxillary region is a rare case due to its bone anatomical and blood supply. The key to treatment of osteomyelitis is early detection, which means early suspicion. The treatment of osteomyelitis of the maxilla region should be aggressive and requires both medical and surgical interventions.