Diagnostic Electron Microscopy (EM) for Avian Diseases - An Overview

Electron Microscopy (TEM and SEM) is one of the gold standard techniques to study the patho-morphalogical changes of different diseases in the field of life science. EM is otherwise called as cell pathology which deals with all membranous structural deviations, localization of disease causing agents, attachment of virions / viruses to the cilia, villi, and other membrane structures of the different cells. There are various techniques which involves for accurate diagnosis and specific pathogen identification but, EM technique is having its significance to support all molecular techniques due to meticulous observation of all sub-celluar structural changes in response to the disease causing agents which target different structures in a cell or group of cells. EM is a multi-stepped, time consuming and expertise technique which needs to have continuous practice and up date.